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qball herbicide for sale

qball herbicide for sale Quincept Herbicide quart (32 oz)

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Description

qball herbicide for sale Quincept Herbicide quart (32 oz)Quincept Herbicide provides post emergent control of over 200 broadleaf and grassy weeds. It contains a powerful combination of 3 active ingredients 2,4 D, Quinclorac, and Dicamba which effectively control unwanted weeds such as dandelion, black medic, chickweed, plantain, knotweed, oxalis, clover, thistle, crabgrass, foxtail, barnyardgrass, signalgrass, and more. It is perfect for late season rescue for weed escapes or as a clean up for areas that

Quincept Herbicide provides post-emergent control of over 200 broadleaf and grassy weeds. It contains a powerful combination of 3 active ingredients 2,4-D, Quinclorac, and Dicamba which effectively control unwanted weeds such as dandelion, black medic, chickweed, plantain, knotweed, oxalis, clover, thistle, crabgrass, foxtail, barnyardgrass, signalgrass, and more. It is perfect for late season rescue for weed escapes or as a clean-up for areas that did not receive a pre-emergent herbicide application in the spring. This product can be absorbed by both roots and foliage and translocated throughout the plant and is recommended for use on residential and non-residential turfgrasses, including lawns or grounds around residential and commercial establishments, parks, airports, roadsides, schools, picnic grounds, athletic fields, cemeteries, golf courses, and sod farms. Ideal for broadcast spray or spot applications. Available in 2.5-gallon jug.

Available Sizes:

  • Quincept Herbicide – quart
  • Quincept Herbicide – 2.5 gallon

For use in California: Biotypes of large and smooth crabgrass in California have shown varied response to this product. If control failure occurs following a full or split application, DO NOT reapply this product. Change to a herbicide with a different mode of action.


DIRECTIONS FOR USE

It is a violation of Federal Law to use this product in a manner inconsistent with its labeling. Read entire label before using this product. Use strictly in accordance with label precautionary statement and directions.

Do not apply this product in a way that will contact workers or other persons, either directly or through drift. Only protected handlers may be in the area during application. Keep people and pets out of the area during application. For any requirements specific to your State or Tribe, consult the agency responsible for pesticide regulation.

USE RESTRICTIONS

Do not apply this product by air or through any type of irrigation equipment. Do not use on golf course greens, tees and collars. Do not use on lawns with desirable clovers or legumes or on ornamentals. Not for use on sod farms in Arizona. For use in New York by spot treatment only (spray individual weeds only; adjust the sprayer to coarse spray to minimize wind drift, apply to the center of the weeds and spray to lightly cover). For use-specific restrictions in application rates and number of applications, please see APPLICATION INSTRUCTIONS AND RESTRICTIONS section.

USE TIMING

Apply Quincept to actively growing weeds as a postemergence broadcast or spot spray. Follow-up applications may be required for dense infestations of broadleaf and grassy weeds. Under certain conditions, application of Quincept made to annual grasses at 2 to 4-tiller may not provide complete control.

NEWLY SEEDED AREAS:

The application of Quincept to grass seedlings is not recommended until after the third mowing.

NEWLY SODDED, SPRIGGED, OR PLUGGED AREAS:

The application of Quincept to newly sodded, sprigged, or plugged grasses should be delayed until 3 to 4 weeks after the sodding, sprigging, or plugging operations. Delay applications for 4 weeks after seeding and emergence of Kentucky Bluegrass, Perennial Ryegrass and Fine Fescues.

SEEDING:

Delay applications for 4 weeks after seeding and emergence of turf species listed on this label.

MOWING:

It is recommended to not mow for two days before or two days after application. Clippings for the first three mowings should be left in the application area. Do not use clippings as mulch or compost around flowers, ornamentals, trees, or in vegetable gardens.

IRRIGATION AND RAINFALL:

If soil moisture is not sufficient prior to application, irrigation may improve weed control. For best results, DO NOT water or irrigate for 24 hours after application. If rainfall does not occur in 2 to 7 days after application, irrigation of at least one-half inch is required.

Do not apply this product by air or through any type of irrigation equipment.

MIXING INSTRUCTIONS:

Begin with a clean spray tank. Fill the spray tank with one-half the required amount of clean water. Slowly add Quincept while agitating, then complete filling the tank with water. maintain continuous agitation until spraying is complete. If left standing for extended periods of time, re-agitate to assure uniformity of the spray mixture.

Adding adjuvants may cause slight leaf burn, but turf vigor is not reduced. Delaying applications when relative humidity and temperatures are high may help to avoid potential for leaf burn and turfgrass damage. Low mowing heights may also increase the possibility of turf injury. The addition of chelated iron or sprayable solution nitrogen fertilizer will reduce slight yellowing.

For best results, the addition of methylated seed oil is recommended when it meets all of the following criteria.

  • be non-phytotoxic
  • contain only EPA-exempt ingredients
  • provide good mixing quality in the jar test.
  • be successful in local experience

Including additives when tank mixing with emulsifiable concentrate (EC) products may cause phytotoxicity. Adding oil, wetting agent, or other appropriate surfactant to the spray may be used to increase effectiveness on weeds but doing so may reduce selectivity to turf resulting in turf damage. Clean and rinse spray equipment using soap or detergent and water, and rinse thoroughly before reuse for other sprays.

This product can be mixed with some liquid fertilizers or liquid iron materials. Because liquid fertilizers and liquid iron differ in pH, free ammonia content, density, salt concentration and percentage of water, a compatibility test is recommended prior to mixing in the application equipment. All regulations, either State or Federal, relating to the application of liquid fertilizers or liquid iron and this product must be strictly followed.

Quincept may be tank mixed with EPA-registered preemergent herbicides (if compatible) for extended residual control. It is the pesticide user's responsibility to ensure that all products in the listed mixtures are registered for the intended use. Users must follow the most restrictive directions for use and precautionary statements of each product in the tank mixture.

The following compatibility test should always be performed prior to full-scale tank mixing.

  1. Pour 18 ounces of water into a quart jar.
  2. Add 1 ounce of either the liquid fertilizer or liquid iron to be used.
  3. Add 1 ounce of this product.
  4. Close jar and shake well.
  5. Watch the mixture for several seconds after shaking and check again after 30 minutes.
  6. If the mixture does not show signs of separating, the combination may be used. If the mixture foams excessively, gels, separates or gets very thick, do not combine for field application.
  7. Compatibility may be improved by the use of a compatibility agent. Follow the previously outlined test procedures and add 1/6 ounce of the compatibility agent between steps (the compatibility agent must be added to the fertilizer or iron before adding this product).
  8. If the mixture does not separate, gel, foam or get very thick, it may be used for field application. Mix only the amount to be sprayed. Do not allow to stand overnight.
  9. Sprayer Cleaning: Clean application equipment thoroughly before and after application to prevent cross contamination. Use a strong detergent or approved spray tank cleaner and rinse thoroughly.

POSTEMERGENT BROADLEAF WEED CONTROL

Quincept will control or suppress the following list of broadleaf weeds. For best results, apply this product when weeds are actively growing and in early stages of growth. More mature weeds will be more difficult to control and may require a second application. mature, drought-stressed weeds will be more difficult to control so adequate soil moisture is preferred. Adverse or extreme environmental conditions such as poor soil conditions, high temperatures, drought, and cultural conditions may affect the performance of this product.

Do not broadcast apply this product above 90 degrees Fahrenheit. Spot treatments above 90 degrees Fahrenheit may result in some turf injury.

BROADLEAF WEEDS CONTROLLED:

Alder, Annual yellow sweet clover, Artichoke, Austrian fieldcress, Bedstraw, Beggartick, Biden, Bindweed, Bird vetch, Bitterweed, Bitter wintercress, Black-eyed Susan, Black medic, Black mustard, Black-seed plantain, Blessed thistle, Blue lettuce, Blue vervain, Boxelder, Bracted plantain, Brassbuttons, Bristly oxtongue, Broadleaf dock, Broadleaf plantain, Broomweed, Buckhorn, Buckhorn plantain, Bulbous buttercup, Bull nettle, Bull thistle, Burdock, Burning nettle, Bur ragweed, Burweed, Buttercup, Canada thistle, Carolina Geranium, Carpetweed, Catchweed bedstraw, Catsear, Catnip, Chickweed, Chicory, Cinquefoil, Common Chickweed, Common mullein, Common sowthistle, Corn chamomile, Creeping Jenny, Crimson clover, Croton, Cudweed, Curly dock, Curly indigo, Dandelion, Dead nettle, Dock, Dollar weed, Dogbane, Dogfennel, Elderberry, English daisy, Fall dandelion, False dandelion, False flax, False sunflower, Fiddleneck, Field bindweed, Field pansy, Fleabane (daisy), Flixweed, Florida betony, Florida pusley, Frenchweed, Galinsoga, Gralic mustard, Goathead, Goatsbeard, Goldenrod, Ground ivy, Gumweed, Hairy bittercress, Hairy fleabane, Hawkweed, Healall, Heartleaf drymary, Hedge bindweed, Hedge mustard, Hemp, Henbit, Hoary cress, Horsetail, Indiana mallow, Ironweed, Jewelweed, Jimsonweed, Kochia, Knawel, Knotweed, Lamsquarter, Lespedeza, Locoweed, Lupine, Mallow, Marshelder, Matchweed, Mexicanweed, Milk vetch, Milkweed bloodflower, Mugwort, Morningglory, Mousear chickweed, Musk thistle, Mustard, Narrowleaf plantain, Narrowleaf vetch, Nettle, Orange hawkweed, Oxalis, Oxeye daisy, Parsley-piert, Parsnip, Pearlwort, Pennycress, Pennywort, Peppergrass, Pepperweed, Pigweed, Pineywoods bedstraw, Plains coreopsis, Plantain, Poison hemlock, Poison ivy, Poison oak, Pokeweed, Poorjoe, Povertyweed, Prostrate spurge, Prostrate vervain, Puncture vine, Purslane, Ragweed, Red clover, Redroot pigweed, Red sorrel, Redstem filaree, Russian thistle, St. Johnswort, Scarlet pimpernel, Scotch thistle, Sheep sorrel, Shepherdspurse, Slender plantain, Smallflower galinsoga, Smartweed, Smooth dock, Smooth pigweed, Sneezeweed, Southern wild rose, Sowthistle, Spanishneedle, Spatterdock, Speedwell, Spiny amaranth, Spiny cocklebur, Spotted catsear, Spotted knapweed, Spotted spurge, Spurge, Spurweed, Stinging nettle, Stinkweed, Stitchwort, Strawberry clover, Sumac, Sunflower, Sweet clover, Tall nettle, Thistle, Tick trefoil, Toadflax, Trailing crownvetch, Tumble mustard, Tumble pigweed, Tumbleweed, Velvetleaf, Venice mallow, Veronica, Vervain, Vetch, Violet (wild), Virginia buttonweed, Virginia creeper, Virginia pepperweed, Wavyleaf bullthistle, Western clematis, Western salsify, White clover, White mustard, Wild aster, Wild buckwheat, Wild carrot, Wild four-o'-clock, Wild garlic, Wild geranium, Wild lettuce, Wild marigold, Wild onion, Wild parsnip, Wild radish, Wild rape, Wild strawberry, Wild sweet potato, Wild vetch, Willow, Witchweed, Woodsorrel, Woolly croton, Woolly morningglory, Woolly plantain, Yarrow, Yellow rocket, Yellowflower pepperweed.

POSTEMERGENT CONTROL OF GRASSY WEEDS

This product can provide control and suppression of certain grassy weeds. For best results, apply this product when weeds are actively growing and in early stages of growth. More mature grasses will be more difficult to control and may require a second application. Mature, drought-stressed grassy weeds will be more difficult to control so adequate soil moisture is preferred. Adverse or extreme environmental conditions such as poor soil conditions, high temperatures, drought and cultural conditions may affect the performance of this product. Do not broadcast apply this product above 90 degrees Fahrenheit. Spot treatments above 90 degrees Fahrenheit may result in some turf injury.

GRASSY WEED CONTROL

Barnyardgrass, Crabgrass (large), Crabgrass (smooth), Foxtail (giant), Foxtail (green), Foxtail (yellow), Signalgrass (broadleaf).

Under certain conditions annual grasses at the 2 to 4-tiller stage may not be completely controlled and a sequential application may be needed at 14 to 21 days.

APPLICATION INSTRUCTIONS AND RESTRICTIONS

ORNAMENTAL TURF AND SOD

Ensure that spray volumes are adequate to completely cover weeds, especially when dense weed infestation make it difficult to completely cover foliage of target weeds. Early applications of this product will not control weeds germinating later in the season so a second application may be necessary.

Broadcast Treatment: Apply at a rate of 7 to 8 pints/A (112 to 128 fl. oz./A) in a spray volume of 20 to 300 gal/A (0.5 to 6.9 gal/1,000 sq. ft.). Do not exceed 2 broadcast applications per year, excluding spot treatment. For sod, the minimum retreatment interval is 21 days. Do not apply greater than 16 pints of this product per acre per year.

Spot Treatment: Apply at a rate of 2.6 to 2.9 fl. oz. per 1,000 sq. ft. in a spray volume of 1 gal. Do not apply greater than 16 pints of this product per acre per year.

NON-TURF AREAS

Control of Annual and Perennial Plants:

Ensure that spray volumes are adequate to completely cover weeds, especially when dense weed infestations make it difficult to completely cover foliage of target weeds. Early applications of this product will not control weeds germinating later in the season so a second application may be necessary.

Broadcast Treatment: Apply at a rate of 7 to 8 pints/A (112 to 128 fl. oz./A) in a spray volume of 20 to 300 gal/A (0.5 to 6.9 gal/1,000 sq. ft.). Do not exceed 2 broadcast applications per year, excluding spot treatments, with a minimum retreatment interval of 30 days. Do not apply greater than 16 pints of this product per acre per year.

Spot Treatment: Apply at a rate of 2.6 to 2.9 fl. oz. per 1,000 sq. ft. in a spray volume of 1 gal. Do not apply greater than 16 pints of this product per acre per year.

Control of Woody Plants:

For control of woody plants, apply to both stems and foliage any time from the time foliage is completely matured until the time plants start to go dormant. All leaves, stems and suckers must be completely wet to the ground line for effective control. Regrowth may be anticipated on the more hardy species.

Broadcast Treatment: Apply at a rate of 7 to 8 pints/A (112 to 128 fl. oz./A) in a spray volume of 20 to 300 gal/A (0.5 to 6.9 gal/1,000 sq. ft.). Do not exceed 2 broadcast applications per year, excluding spot treatments. Do not apply greater than 16 pints of this product per acre per year.

Spot Treatment: Apply at a rate of 2.6 to 2.9 fl. oz. per 1,000 sq. ft. in a spray volume of 1 gal. Do not apply greater than 16 pints of this product per acre per year.

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SKU: 9989923470

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James E. Egolf
Cuba, US
★★★★★ 5
A Clear Concise Precis of a Complex Historical Era
Format: Paperback
R.W. Southern's book titled WESTERN SOCIETY AND THE CHURCH IN THE MIDDLE AGES is a readable account of the Medieval Catholic Church from c 750 to c. 1450. Southern concisely explained the achievements, successes, and failures. According to Southern, the achievements and successes far outweighed the failures and wrong doing. Southern's book began with the special relationship between the new "barbarian" secular rulers and the Catholic clergy especially the monks and bishops. The fact that most secular rulers were not literate especially in the use of Latin, they relied on learned Catholic clergy. The Catholic clergy became crucial and both they and the secular rulers relied on each other. While Charlemagne (768-814)had a revered status as the defender of the Latin West, Southern mentioned his reliance on Catholic clergy. Charlemagne could read,but he never learned to write. He was aware of his own deficiencies and started the Palace School at Aachen where, among others, Alcuin (735-804) and other learned men expanded learning at a time called the Carolingian Renaissance. What readers should appreciate is that without Catholic clergy and monks, learning would have disappeared in Western Europe. Southern was very clear about this. The Medieval Catholic authorities faced other challenges. Long simmering feuds existed between the Byzantine Greek Orthodox Church authorities and the Latin Roman Catholic authorities. During the eighth century and again in 1054,the official reasons for tensions were the use of icons (The Iconoclastic Controversy) and the status of the Pope. As Southern wrote, these tensions were a cover for the disputes between the Italians and Byzantine Greeks over Byzantine control of parts of Italy. What the Greek Orthodox and Byzantine authorities did not want to realize was that the Latin West including the Popes were their only salvation vs. the Islamic Seljuk Turks especially after the Byzantine defeat at Manzikurt in 1071. In 1422, Pope Martin V (1417-1471)reminded the Byzantine religious and secular rulers how much they relied on the Latin West. In other words, Pope Martin V demanded concessions if the Byzantines expected help vs. the Turks. Because of the lang standing traditions the Byzantines had, they refused to face their doom which occurred in 1453. Southern's description of this dilemma was well presented. An achievement that Southern emphasized was the development of Canon Law. Increased trade, urbanization, and political power led to conflicts between secular rulers and Catholic authorities. Some of the Medieval Popes were known as "The Lawyer Popes" such as Pope Alexander III (1159-1181), especially Pope Innocent III (1198-1216), and Pope Pope Gregory IX (1227-1241). While the Popes could and sometimes used excommunication and interdict to intimidate secular rivals, the problem became acute because of too much reliance on these spiritual weapons. Not only did the Popes exert power and influence, the Catholic bishops also had considerable influence. The Cathoic bishoporics existed long befor the monastic orders and the friars. The ideal for bishops was Pope Gregory's (590-604)work titled PASTORAL CARE. Due to the bishops' position of power and status, many became too involved with poltical situations that mitigated Pope Gregory I's ideal. Bishops had to enforce discipline, show wisdom, and administer effectively. Southern mentioned some of the bishops who were effective and some who were inept. For example Bishop Odo Riguad (1247-1276) was "firm but fair." He was lenient for qualifications for those who wanted to enter Holy Orders and was reasonable, in fact kind, re reconcilation. Yet, he expected those under his authority to comply with their priestly duties. On the other hand, John Peckham who was the Archbishop of Canterbury (1279-1292)was obstinate, incompetent, and not capable for the position. After the Papal Election Decree in 1059 and the Investature Controversy, the Popes wanted the local clergy to decide on the appointment of bishops. Southern told readers that even a Pope as powerful as Pope Innocent III (1198-1216)preferred local selection. While Popes could intervene if no decision could be reached, they preferred not to impose what Southern called "The Royal Road." While the bishoporics existed prior to the monastic orders and friars, the latter groups were also crucial to the Catholic Church and the Latin West. The dominant orders included the Benedictines started by St. Benedict (480-544) whose Benedictine Rule was the standard until c. 1050. The work of the monastic orders re learning can never be underestimated especially since they wrote and hand copied books including the Bible long before the invention of the printing press. Their influnce was such that a Beneditine was made Pope-Pope Gregory I (590-604). Other orders such as the Cistertians and Augustinians later developed separate from the Benedictines. The best known of the Cistertians was St. Bernard of Clairvaux (1090-1153)whose rhetoric and conservative views were a check on unbridled enthusiams. The friars were orders of men and women who left the cloister to appeal to the masses. St. Dominic (1170-1221) started the Order of Preachers or Dominicans as a learned society of men and woman to combat heresy. The Friars Minor (the Franciscans) were started by St. Francis of Assissi (1182-1226),and these men and woman started as an order to help the poorest of the poor. Southern could have mentioned that St. Francis helped those even God ignored. The Dominicans and Franciscans became dominant teachers in Catholic universities and revived interest in Ancient Greek thought. These men and women also made signficant contributions re science and mathematics. A major reason for the creation of the friars was the gradual increase of urbanization. As Southern reminded readers, without towns, there would have been no friars. Without universities, the friars would never have been great. By the middle of the 14th. century (the 1300s), the Scholastic achievements faded because of the trivial debates. This led to a revival of Catholic mysticism such as Thomas a Kempis' (1380-1471)who wrote IMITATION OF CHRIST and later St. Ignatius Loyola's (1491-1556) SPIRITUAL EXERCISES. As Southern warned did such mysticism lead to false piety? Southern did an effective job re Medieval Catholic Church History. He could have emphasized the work of some of the giant intellects such as St. Albertus Magnus (1193-1280) and St. Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274). Southern's treatment of Canon Law was later enhanced by Berman's book titled LAW AND REVOLUTION. Students of Church History will benefit from Southern's book. It is clear, and complexities are carefully explained. The list of Popes at the end of the book can help readers to keep track of the "players." James E. Egolf November 5, 2013
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Reviewed in the United States on November 6, 2013
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Thomas J. Burns
Carnegie, US
★★★★★ 5
From the Bones of Peter
Format: Paperback
A brief forward to this work is in order. R.W. Southern stands among England's finest historical scholars of the twentieth century and was knighted by the Queen in 1975. The publisher, Penguin, has worked to bring the best of the humanities to an inquisitive public for almost a century. Southern's medieval survey is thus an eminently readable text buttressed by a profound grasp of both trends and minutiae. Our work at hand is one of seven independent works in Penguin's history of the Church series. Southern's contribution was first published in 1970 and updated in 1990. Historians are bringing more interdisciplinary tools to the study of medieval history, from climate to demographics to agriculture. Southern is the product of an earlier and more basic methodology, where the nexus of Church and Society stood as the interpretive key to an understanding of the times. I first read "Western Society and the Church" shortly after its original release in 1970. Reading it again in 2014 impressed upon me how compatible Southern's comprehensive overview stands with what we now know in greater detail about mystical movements, cold winters, trade, exploration, and plague, among other factors. Despite the wide sweep of his narrative, Southern's conclusions are drawn from meticulous examination of records, with useful numerical charts interspersed from time to time. Southern treats of the years 800-1500 CE and the provenance of the Roman Catholic Church in that era. The title's phrasing of "Western Society and the Church" is a pregnant one. The organism of the Church and western society as a whole shared a common cosmology or world vision. Medieval man did indeed understand himself to be living in a "Middle Age" between the time of Christ's first and second coming. However, Southern's overview provides many instances where the major organs of the Church and western society were hardly of one mind, either. Not surprisingly Southern devotes considerable attention to the changing Petrine ministry, which in 800 was not enjoying its finest hour. Besieged by Islam and other foreign peoples, belittled by Eastern Christianity from Constantinople, and its own house in disarray, Rome somehow maintained a religious and psychological hold in the popular mind. As reliquary of the bones of Peter, Rome and its successive bishops never entirely lost hold of mystery and supremacy in the early dark medieval era. In popular thought at the time, the pope was a living vicar of Peter. "Though men came to Rome in the first place to visit the (bones of the) Apostle, they prostrated themselves before the pope." (95) What would maintain Church order through dark times, Southern implies, was an inner sense among men of the times that God's order (and wrath) was mediated by the Church. Fractiousness between clergy and laity was common, but fear of damnation trumped all. Only the most cynical of men would knowingly dismiss hell fire And thus the Vicar of Peter became the Vicar of Christ. It did not hurt the cause that shrewd popes buttressed their positions with questionable emphases upon more ancient secular entitlements dating to the times of the Constantinian/Christian empire of the West. The heritage of Charlemagne and the forgery of the "Donation of Constantine" played their parts, but the permanent breech with the East may have been a deciding factor as well. Pontiffs such as Gregory VII came to understand their office as specific, detailed, and immediate. To speak anachronistically, popes became managers of a far flung bureaucracy of order and sanctification in what was now a Western European Roman Catholic venture. By 1100 there was plenty for popes to do. The relationship between pastoral appointments (bishops and abbots, for example) and the attendant financial compensation became quite complex. The papal office became official arbiter over disputes between various parties, to the degree that the majority of high medieval popes were drawn from the legal profession. Southern describes a medieval Church of prelates, scribes and lawyers crisscrossing Western Europe in the name of the Pope with portfolios of litigation and judgment. It does not miss the author’s attention that the papacy was also the greatest broker of spiritual reward and punishment, specifically its powers of excommunication and redemption, the latter becoming a major target of reformers at the end of the era. Southern contends that religious orders extended major spiritual and practical influence throughout the Middle Ages. In 800 the Benedictine Order, whose legacy would include spiritual efficacy, scholarship, good order, and physical enhancement of the environment, was at its apex. Southern proceeds to outline in some detail how the inevitable decline of fervor in a predominant order of the day would inspire the development of a new order to address developing contemporary concerns. As successors of the Benedictines, Southern identifies the Augustinians, the first medieval religious movement to embrace a generic rule derived directly from the Gospels as well as rigorous and moderate variants of daily life style. The next was the Cistercians, who sought to return to the letter and spirit of St. Benedict's rule. Their quest for purity and escape from the world led them to flee to the outer edges of Western Europe and consequently to develop these lands, a major social contribution. Southern sees the Franciscan and Dominican moments of the thirteenth century respectively as the Cistercian and Augustinian reforms for this later era of European society. Southern's penultimate chapters is devoted to what he called he called the fringe orders; today we would think of these in part as the Beguines and the multitude of spontaneous mystical and devotional movements associated with the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. His final chapter, "A Confusion of Tongues," continues his account of spiritual diversification leading to early Protestant thought and practice. The tenor of this book is what one would expect of the relaxed scholar/gentleman unfolding his description of this age with a profound but understandable style. He shares a lifetime of scholarship in an inviting way to those entering the Middle Ages for the first time.
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Reviewed in the United States on March 9, 2014
J
Verified Purchase
jdee28
Belleville, US
★★★★★ 5
Excellent treatment of a narrow subject: how society shaped the church
Format: Paperback
This book is not a comprehensive overview of the church from 700-1500, nor is it a narrative treatment or an introduction. This book is highly selective, focusing on one central theme. Its strengths are in its organization and in the examples it gives to illustrate its theme. These examples are concrete, vivid and use quotations from original documents to excellent effect. The theme of the book is how society shaped the church. Southern examines the main institutions of the church -- the papacy, bishops, religious orders and fringe orders -- and shows how the needs and interests of society molded each. Perhaps having written on 1000-1200 in other books, for me, the strongest insights Southern makes here are on the periods 750-1000 and 1200-1500. Insights that particularly struck me: the importance of magic from 750-1000; the evolution of bishops, from supporting local rulers to supporting the pope; the importance of the Augustinian canons in the twelfth century, seeing them as one end of a pole, with the Cistercians on the other end and the Benedictines in the middle; the role of Franciscans and Dominicans in supporting scholars in the thirteenth century; and the fringe orders -- the book has one of the best treatments of the Brethren of the Common Life from the fourteenth century that I have come across. The book is highly selective. There is no treatment in this book on intellectual life (the "new learning") or artistic life, nor is there much on the heresies of the period or popular religion (the "new piety"). What the book does select to treat, it does so in a deep, highly readable, substantial way. One will definitely come away with how the demands of society molded the church. Highly recommended!!
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Reviewed in the United States on February 24, 2021
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Ludwig
Los Angeles, US
★★★★★ 4
Wonderful book, but not a general reference on the subject & period
Format: Paperback
Southern's powerful study of the organizational and administrative structures of the medieval church is a wonderful antidote for the popular view of the Middle Ages as a long period of almost continual chaos between the Fall of the Roman Empire and the Renaissance (i.e. the "Dark Ages"). Southern does a fantastically good job of explaining and illustrating the central truth of the Church in the Middle Ages, i.e. that the Church was identical with society to an extent that had never been true before and has never been true since. That said, Southern's disciplined approach is often too much of a good thing and there are a number of topics which one would expect to take pride of place in a typical narrative history of the subject and period that Southern touches on only obliquely and insofar as they are relevant to his primary topic: those neglected stories include the long papal/imperial struggle (Guelps & Ghibellines), the Crusades, the Black Death, etc.. Southern also has a puzzling and sometimes maddening tendency to couch the discussion in terms of implications, roles and epithets instead of being explicit and just naming names. E.g. in the context of the discussion of the fall of Constantinople, Mehmed II is mentioned äs "the conqueror", but not by name; that a pope visited Constantinople in 710 for the first time and last time in premodern history is noted, but the pope is not named (it was Constantine); some of consequences of the "Donation of Constantine" are implied fairly early in the book, but it is not explitly named (and then, to add to the reader's irritation, discussed later as if the topic had already been explitly introduced). These are all characteristic slips of an expert used to addressing other experts in his field attempting in this instance to write a more or less introductory text. They are understandable slips, but they take their toll. The book is generally excellent & well worth reading and it is hard to imagine a better introduction to the topics it does cover, but unfortunately, and unlike Chadwick's initial volume in this series, it does not serve well as a general reference on the history of the Medieval Church.
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Reviewed in the United States on July 22, 2010
W
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W. Taylor
Birmingham, US
★★★★★ 5
Concise
Format: Paperback
I recently discovered how little I know about my own faith. This book is the second in a series of Penguin books on the history of the church. The author does an excellent job of providing an overview of the social setting of the middle ages and how the papacy, the East-West schism and the religious orders developed during this time period. I recommend this book to anyone who wants to understand more about how we got to where we are.
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Reviewed in the United States on January 31, 2010

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